HAYNES® 230® alloy for Expansion Bellows Tech Brief

 

High Performance High-Temperature Expansion Bellows

High-temperature expansion bellows are key components in many different industrial operations. In the chemical and power industries; in metallurgical and mineral process facilities; and in waste incineration plants, selection of the materials of construction for expansion bellows can be of critical importance to long-term, cost effective performance.


HAYNES® 230® alloy combines the best in high-temperature strength, thermal stability, environment-resistance and fabricability of any commercial nickel-base alloy. With nearly the same design strength of HAYNES® 625 alloy and none of alloy 625’s embrittlement problems, 230 alloy is a top choice for high-temperature bellows applications. Its lower thermal expansion characteristics can be a big plus as well.

Product Description

HAYNES® 230® alloy is a top-of-the-line high-performance, industrial heat resistant alloy for applications demanding high strength as well as resistance to environment. It is a substantial upgrade in performance capabilities from common iron-nickel-chromium and nickel-chromium alloys, and displays the best combination of strength, stability, environment resistance, and fabricability of any commercial nickel-base alloy.

230® alloy can be utilized at temperatures as high as 2100°F (1150°C) for continuous service. Its resistance to oxidation, combustion environments and nitriding recommends it highly for applications such as nitric acid catalyst grids, high-temperature bellows, industrial furnace fixtures and hardware, strand annealing tubes, thermocouple protection tubes, and many more.

230® alloy is covered by ASME Section VIII, Division I, and ASME Section I, Code Case 2063, both up to 1650°F (900°C). 230 alloy is also covered by a number of ASTM and AMS specifications.

Nominal Composition

Nickel Balance
Cobalt 5 max.
Chromium 22
Molybdenum 2
Tungsten 14
Iron 3 max.
Silicon 0.4
Manganese 0.5
Carbon 0.10
Aluminum 0.3
Boron 0.015 max.
Lanthanum 0.02

Typical Tensile Properties Solution Annealed, Plate

Test Temperature 0.2% Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Strength Elongation 2 in. (51 mm)
°F °C ksi MPa ksi MPa %
RT RT 57 395 125 860 50
1000 540 40 275 103 705 53
1200 650 40 275 98 675 55
1400 760 42 275 88 605 53
1600 870 37 255 63 435 65
1800 980 21 145 35 240 83
2000 1095 11 76 20 140 83
2100 1150 7 47 13 91 106
2200 1205 4 30 9 65 109

Typical Rupture Properties, Plate

Test Temperature Typical Rupture Properties: Stress Required to Produce Rupture in Hours Shown
100 h 1,000 h 10,000 h
°F °C ksi MPa ksi MPa ksi MPa
1200 650 56.0 385 42.5 295 29.0 200
1400 760 27.0 185 20.0 140 14.2 98
1600 870 13.7 95 9.5 66 6.2 43
1800 980 6.0 41 3.0 21 1.6 11
1900 1040 3.5 24 1.8 12
2000 1095 2.1 14 1.0 7
2100 1150 1.2 8 0.6 4

Typical Room Temperature Physical Properties

Physical Property British Units Metric Units
Density
0.324 lb/in3
8.97 g/cm3
Electrical Resistivity 49.2 µohm-in 125 µohm-cm
Modulus of Elasticity
30.6 x 106 psi
211 GPA
Thermal Conductivity
62 Btu-in/ft2-h-°F
8.9 W/m-°C
Specific Heat 0.095 Btu/lb-°F 397 J/Kg-°C

Environmental Resistance

Oxidation in Air – Excellent at 2100°F (1095°C) Nitriding – Best Commercial alloy

Sulfidation – Equal to X alloy Chlorination – Equal to 625 alloy

Carburization – Equal to X alloy Hydrogen Embrittlement – Excellent