Oxidation Resistance
HAYNES® 230® alloy exhibits excellent resistance to both air and combustion gas oxidizing environments, and can be used for long-term continuous exposure at temperatures up to 2100°F (1150°C). For exposures of short duration, 230® alloy can be used at higher temperatures.
Schematic Representation of Metallographic Technique used for
Evaluating Oxidation Tests

Comparative Dynamic Oxidation
Alloy |
1600°F (870°C), 2000 h, 30-min cycles |
1800°F (980°C), 1000 h, 30-min cycles |
2000°F (1090°C), 500 h, 30-min cycles |
2100°F (1150°C), 200 h, 30-min cycles |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
mils |
µm |
mils |
µm |
mils |
µm |
mils |
µm |
mils |
µm |
mils |
µm |
mils |
µm |
mils |
µm |
188 |
1.1 |
28 |
2.9 |
74 |
1.1 |
28 |
3.2 |
81 |
10.9 |
277 |
13.1 |
333 |
8 |
203 |
9.7 |
246 |
230® |
0.9 |
23 |
3.9 |
99 |
2.8 |
71 |
5.6 |
142 |
7.1 |
180 |
9.9 |
251 |
6.4 |
163 |
13.1 |
333 |
617 |
2 |
51 |
7.8 |
198 |
2.4 |
61 |
5.7 |
145 |
13.3 |
338 |
20.9 |
531 |
13.8 |
351 |
15.3 |
389 |
625 |
1.2 |
30 |
2.2 |
56 |
3.7 |
94 |
6 |
152 |
- |
- |
Consumed |
- |
- |
- |
- |
556® |
1.5 |
38 |
3.9 |
99 |
4.1 |
104 |
6.7 |
170 |
9.9 |
251 |
12.1 |
307 |
11.5 |
292 |
14 |
356 |
X |
1.7 |
43 |
5.3 |
135 |
4.3 |
109 |
7.3 |
185 |
11.6 |
295 |
14 |
356 |
13.9 |
353 |
15.9 |
404 |
HR-120® |
- |
- |
- |
- |
6.3 |
160 |
8.3 |
211 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
RA330 |
2.5 |
64 |
5 |
127 |
8.7 |
221 |
10.5 |
267 |
15.4 |
391 |
17.9 |
455 |
11.5 |
292 |
13 |
330 |
HR-160® |
- |
- |
- |
- |
5.4 |
137 |
11.9 |
302 |
12.5 |
|
18.1 |
460 |
8.7 |
221 |
15.5 |
394 |
310SS |
6 |
152 |
7.9 |
201 |
16 |
406 |
18.3 |
465 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Consumed |
800H |
3.9 |
99 |
9.4 |
239 |
22.9 |
582 |
Through Thickness |
- |
- |
Consumed after 300 h |
- |
- |
Consumed |
Burner rig oxidation tests were conducted by exposing samples of 3/8” x 2.5” x thickness (9mm x 64 mm x thickness), in a rotating holder to the products of combustion of 2 parts No. 1 and 1 part No. 2 fuel burned at a ratio of air to fuel of about 50:1. Gas velocity was about 0.3 mach. Samples were automatically removed from the gas stream every 30 minutes and fan-cooled to near ambient temperature and then reinserted into the flame tunnel.
Comparative Oxidation in Flowing Air 2100°F (1150°C) for 1008 Hours
Microstructures shown are for coupons exposed for 1008 hours at 2100°F (1150°C) in air flowing 7.0 feet/minute (2.1 m/minute) past the samples. Samples were descaled by cathodically charging the coupons while they were immersed in a molten salt solution. The black area shown at the top of each picture represents actual metal loss due to oxidation. The data clearly show HAYNES® 230® alloy to be superior to both INCONEL alloy 601 and alloy 800H, as well as the other heat-resistant materials listed in the table above.
-for-1008-hours.jpg?sfvrsn=0&MaxWidth=400&MaxHeight=&ScaleUp=false&Quality=High&Method=ResizeFitToAreaArguments&Signature=28536D8DDA0CDE8221072A66CC4B515D)
230® alloy
Average Metal Affected
= 3.4 mils (86 µm)
-for-1008-hours.jpg?sfvrsn=0&MaxWidth=400&MaxHeight=&ScaleUp=false&Quality=High&Method=ResizeFitToAreaArguments&Signature=ED905BA13568A56D6C253AA30372722D)
INCONEL alloy 601
Average Metal Affected
= 5.3 mils (135 µm)
-for-1008-hours.jpg?sfvrsn=0&MaxWidth=400&MaxHeight=&ScaleUp=false&Quality=High&Method=ResizeFitToAreaArguments&Signature=9B5A04FA93DF984DDEF06EA4CEA7BA77)
Alloy 800H
Average Metal Affected
= 8.9 mils (226 µm)
Water Vapor Testing
Alloy |
1008 hours @ 1600F Cycled 1x/week in air+10%H2O |
1008 hours @ 1600F Cycled 1x/week in air+20%H2O |
6 months @ 1400F Cycled 1x/week in air+10%H2O |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
mils per side |
mm per side |
mils per side |
mm per side |
mils per side |
mm per side |
mils per side |
mm per side |
mils per side |
mm per side |
mils per side |
mm per side |
230® |
0.07 |
0.002 |
0.53 |
0.013 |
0.03 |
0.001 |
0.21 |
0.005 |
0.05 |
0.001 |
0.35 |
0.009 |
625 |
0.11 |
0.003 |
0.5 |
0.013 |
0.04 |
0.001 |
0.27 |
0.007 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
0.03 |
0.001 |
0.5 |
0.013 |
0.04 |
0.001 |
0.3 |
0.008 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
253MA |
0.66 |
0.017 |
1.59 |
0.040 |
0.08 |
0.002 |
0.68 |
0.017 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
800HT |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
0.12 |
0.003 |
0.82 |
0.021 |
347SS |
0.86 |
0.022 |
1.48 |
0.038 |
0.18 |
0.005 |
0.18 |
0.005 |
0.46 |
0.012 |
1.26 |
0.032 |
Amount of metal affected for high‐temperature sheet (0.060 ‐ 0.125”) alloys exposed for 360 days (8,640 h) in flowing air.
Alloy |
1600°F |
1800°F |
2000°F |
2100°F |
Metal Loss* |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss* |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss* |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss* |
Average Metal Affected |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
625 |
0.3 |
8 |
1.4 |
36 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
230® |
0.2 |
5 |
1.4 |
36 |
0.1 |
3 |
2.5 |
64 |
3.4 |
86 |
11 |
279 |
28.5 |
724 |
34.4 |
874 |
617 |
0.3 |
8 |
1.6 |
41 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
HR‐120® |
0.3 |
8 |
1.6 |
41 |
0.5 |
13 |
3.3 |
84 |
18.1 |
460 |
23.2 |
589 |
33.6 |
853 |
44 |
1118 |
25 |
0.3 |
8 |
1.7 |
43 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
188 |
0.2 |
5 |
1.8 |
46 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
556® |
0.3 |
8 |
1.9 |
48 |
0.5 |
13 |
6.2 |
157 |
15 |
381 |
24.1 |
612 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
X |
0.3 |
8 |
2.2 |
56 |
0.2 |
5 |
2.8 |
71 |
17.1 |
434 |
26.2 |
665 |
51.5 |
1308 |
55.4 |
1407 |
800HT |
0.4 |
10 |
2.9 |
74 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
HR-160® |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1.7 |
43 |
13.7 |
348 |
7.2 |
183 |
30.8 |
782 |
12 |
305 |
45.6 |
1158 |
*Metal loss was calculated from final and initial metal thicknesses; i.e. ML = (OMT – FMT) /2
Static Oxidation Comparison
Alloy |
Comparative Oxidation Resistance in Flowing Air, 1008 Hours*
|
1800°F (982°C) |
2000°F (1093°C) |
2100°F (1149°C) |
2200°F (1204°C) |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
Metal Loss |
Average Metal Affected |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
mils |
μm |
230® |
0.2 |
5 |
1.5 |
38 |
0.5 |
13 |
3.3 |
84 |
1.2 |
30 |
4.4 |
112 |
4.7 |
119 |
8.3 |
211 |
188 |
0.1 |
3 |
1.1 |
28 |
0.5 |
13 |
3.7 |
94 |
8.6 |
218 |
10.7 |
272 |
5.2 |
132 |
48.2 |
1224 |
601 |
0.4 |
10 |
1.7 |
43 |
1.3 |
33 |
3.8 |
97 |
2.8 |
71 |
6.5 |
165 |
4.4 |
112 |
7.5 |
191 |
617 |
0.3 |
8 |
2 |
51 |
0.6 |
15 |
3.8 |
97 |
1 |
25 |
5.2 |
132 |
10.7 |
272 |
12.6 |
320 |
X |
0.2 |
5 |
1.5 |
38 |
1.3 |
33 |
4.4 |
112 |
3.6 |
91 |
6.1 |
115 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
800HT |
0.5 |
13 |
4.1 |
104 |
7.6 |
193 |
11.6 |
295 |
12.4 |
315 |
15 |
381 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
446 SS |
- |
- |
- |
- |
13 |
330 |
14.4 |
366 |
- |
- |
>21.5 |
>546 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
316 SS |
12.3 |
312 |
14.2 |
361 |
- |
- |
>17.5 |
>445 |
- |
- |
>17.5 |
>445 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
*Metal Loss + Average Internal Penetration.