HAYNES^® 214^® alloy is readily welded by gas tungsten arc (GTAW), gas metal arc (GMAW), and shielded metal arc (coated electrode), welding techniques. Submerged arc welding is not recommended as this process is characterized by high heat input to the base metal and slow cooling of the weld. These factors can increase weld restraint and promote cracking.

Base Metal Preparation
The joint surface and adjacent area should be thoroughly cleaned before welding. All grease, oil, crayon marks, sulfur compounds and other foreign matter should be removed. It is preferable that the alloy be in the solution-annealed condition when welded.

Filler Metal Selection
Matching composition filler metal is recommended for joining 214 alloy. For shielded metal-arc welding, HASTELLOY^® X electrodes (AMS 5799) are suggested. For dissimilar metal joining of 214 alloy to nickel- or cobalt-base materials, HAYNES^® 230-W^® filler metal will generally be a good selection, but HASTELLOY^® S alloy (AMS 5838A) or HASTELLOY^® W alloy (AMS 5786B, 5787A) welding products may be used. For dissimilar welding to iron-base materials, HAYNES^® 556^® filler metal is recommended. Please see publication H-3159

Preheating, Interpass Temperatures and Post- Weld Heat Treatment
Preheat is not usually required so long as base metal to be welded is above 32°F (0°C). Interpass temperatures generally should be low. Auxiliary cooling methods may be used between weld passes, as needed, providing that such methods do not introduce contaminants. Post weldheat treatment for 214 alloy depends on part thickness and complexity. For 214 alloy fabrications that will be in service at 1200-1800ºF, weldments made of greater than 1/4" thickness, or those which have been welded into configurations which create significant residual stresses, a post weld annealing heat treatment is suggested. The objective of a post weld heat treatment is to minimize and eliminate residual stress in the assembly.

A heat treatment at a metal temperature between 1900ºF and 2000ºF has been successful. The metal at temperature as little as 5 minutes is usually sufficient. If no additional welding or forming is to be performed, the fabrication may be air cooled, otherwise rapid cooling is advised.

Care must be taken when annealing. Heating 214 alloy through the temperature range of 1200-1800ºF will cause gamma prime (Ni₃Al) to precipitate. This gamma prime precipitation results in a net shrinkage, as well as an increase in strength and corresponding loss of ductility. In weldments and other highly stressed components, strain-age cracking may occur. This occurs when the residual stresses from forming and welding, augmented by stresses caused by precipitation, exceed the rupture strength of the base metal. It is important to heat the material through the 1200-1800ºF temperature range as rapidly as possible. Do not stress relieve in the 1200-1800ºF temperature range.

Nominal Welding Parameters
Nominal welding parameters are provided as a guide for performing typical operations. These are based upon welding conditions used in Haynes International, Inc. laboratories. For further information, please contact Haynes International.

Automatic Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

Square Butt Joint - No Filler Metal Added

	Material Thickness
	0.040" (1.0mm)	0.062" (1.6mm)	0.125" (3.2mm)

Current (DCEN), amperes	50	75	110
Voltage	8	8.5	9.5
Travel Speed, in/min. (mm/min)	10 (254)	12 (305)	12 (305)
Electrode Size-EWTH-2, in (mm)	1/16 (1.6)	3/32 (2.4)	1/8 (3.2)
Electrode Shape	45° inc	45° inc	45° inc
Cup Size	#8	#8	#8
Shielding Gas Flow, CFH (l/min.)	30 (14.2)	30 (14.2)	30 (14.2)
Gas Type	Argon	Argon	Argon
Backing Gas, CFH (l/min.)	10 (4.7)	10 (4.7)	10 (4.7)
Gas Type	Argon	Argon	Argon

Manual Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

V- or U-Groove - All Thicknesses 1/8" (3.2 mm) or greater


Technique Current (DCEN), amperes Voltage Filler Metal Travel Speed, ipm (mm/min) Electrode Size-EWTH-2, in (mm) Electrode Shape Cup Size Gas Type Shielding Gas Flow, CFH (l/min.) Backing Gas Flow, CFH (l/min.) Preheat Interpass Temperature Maximum	- Stringer Bead - 120 root, 140-150 Fill - 11 to 14 - 1/8" diameter (3.2 mm) 214^® alloy - 4 to 6 (102-152) - 1/8" diameter (3.2 mm) - 30° included - #8 or larger - Argon - 30 to 35 (14.2 to 16.5) - 10 (4.7) or back-gouge to sound metal and fill from root side - Ambient - 200°F (93°C)

Gas Metal Arc Welding

	Short Circuiting Transfer Mode All Thicknesses 0.090" and greater (2.3 mm)	Spray Transfer Mode All Thicknesses 0.156" and greater (4.0 mm)
Wire Type	214 alloy	214 alloy
Wire Diameter, in (mm)	0.045 (1.1)	0.062 (1.6)
Feed Speed, ipm (m/min)	170 to 190 (4.3 to 4.8)	160 to 170 (4.0 to 4.3)
Current (DCEP), amperes	100 to 110	210 to 230
Voltage	20 to 22	28 to 30
Stickout, in (mm)	1/2 - 3/4 (12.7 to 19.1)	3/4 (19.1)
Travel Speed, ipm (mm/min)	8 to 10 (203 to 254)	9 to 12 (229 to 305)
Torch Gas Flow, CFH (l.min.)	40 (18.9)	40 (18.9)
Gas Type	HELISTAR^® SS (33% He, 66.1% Ar, 0.9% CO₂) or 75% Ar + 25% He	Argon

Shielded Metal Arc Welding

No matching chemistry SMAW electrodes are currently available for HAYNES 214 alloy. MULTIMET electrodes (AMS 5795) have been successfully used to join 214 alloy. Typical parameters for MULTIMET electrodes (flat position) are given below.

Electrode Diameter		Voltage	Current (DCEP)	Travel Speed
in	(mm)		amperes	ipm	(mm/min)

3/32	(2.4)	22 - 24	45 - 75	3 - 5	(76 - 127)
1/8	(3.2)	22 - 24	70 - 110	4 - 6	(102 - 152)
5/32	(4.0)	23 - 25	110 - 140	4 - 6	(102 - 152)

Haynes International, Inc. 800-354-0806 765-456-6012

HAYNES® 214® alloy Information

A nickel-chromium-aluminum-iron alloy with outstanding resistance to oxidation.

HAYNES^® 214^® alloy Information